As the critical infrastructure which enables global telecommunications, submarine cables form the backbone of how we communicate in the modern world.

In the Indo-Pacific, submarine cables carry over 95 per cent of international data traffic, including telephone and data communications. But they are vulnerable to a variety of grave threats.

In this Policy Options Paper, Samual Bashfield and Anthony Bergin outline the current challenges surrounding undersea cables and provide policy recommendations to strengthen Indo-Pacific submarine cable resilience.